| Date |
Event |
Trail Link |
| 1693 |
Spanish Florida offers freedom to British slaves |
 |
| 1725 |
Fugitive blacks found living with Creeks in Florida |
 |
| 1750 |
First Seminole band forms on Alachua savannah |
|
| 1763-84 |
Seminole country becomes destination for black runaways |
 |
| 1775 |
England welcomes runaway slaves from America |
|
| 1776-83 |
Seminoles steal slaves from British plantations |
|
| 1787 |
Cont. Congress tries to recover Florida slaves |
|
| 1790 |
Treaty of New York signed with Creeks |
|
| 1790 |
Abraham born |
|
| 1795 |
Treaty of San Lorenzo ends Spanish edicts of freedom |
|
| 1812 |
John Horse born |
|
| 1812-13 |
Patriot War |
|
| 1813 |
Seminoles settle on Suwannee River |
|
| 1815 |
Fugitive slaves hold Negro Fort |
|
| 1816 |
U.S. blows up Negro Fort |
|
| 1817 |
1st Seminole War officially begins |
|
| 1818 |
Seminoles evacuate Suwannee |
|
| 1818 |
Jackson drives blacks and Indians from
Suwannee |
|
| 1821 |
U.S. Agent visits Seminoles |
|
| 1823 |
Treaty of Moultrie Creek |
|
| 1825 |
Seminole delegation visits Washington D.C. |
|
| 1825 |
Abraham emerges as leader |
|
| 1826 |
John Horse engages in turtle ruse |
|
| 1827 |
Florida makes aiding slave-escapes punishable by death |
|
| 1829 |
Andrew Jackson becomes President |
|
| 1832 |
Treaty of Payne's Landing initiates removal crisis |
|
| 1834 |
Floridians claim 500 Black Seminoles |
|
| 1834 |
Osceola leads opposition to removal |
|
| 1835 |
2nd Seminole War begins |
|
| 1835 |
Seminoles ransack plantations, liberate slaves |
|
| 1835 |
Dade's Massacre |
|
| 1836 |
John Horse fights valiantly at Wahoo Swamp |
|
| 1837 |
Jesup captures Osceola & John Horse under white flag |
|
| 1837 |
Seminole leaders escape from Fort Marion |
|
| 1837 |
Battle of Okeechobee |
|
| 1838 |
Black Seminoles surrender under promise of freedom |
|
| 1838 |
Black Seminoles emigrate West with Indians |
|
| 1839 |
John Horse returns to Florida as Army scout |
|
| 1841 |
Coacoochee surrenders |
|
| 1841 |
Joshua Giddings uses war to test "gag rule" |
|
| 1842 |
Creeks claim Seminole lands out west |
|
| 1844 |
Creeks try to kidnap Black Seminoles in the Indian Territory |
|
| 1844 |
Coacoochee leads delegation to Washington |
|
| 1844 |
1st assassination attempt on John
Horse |
|
| 1845 |
New treaty keeps Seminoles under
Creek jurisdiction |
|
| 1845 |
Jesup brings Seminole case before President |
|
| 1846 |
Blacks complete work on Fort Gibson |
|
| 1848 |
U.S. "returns" Black Seminoles to slavery |
|
| 1849 |
Micanopy dies |
|
| 1849 |
200 Seminole allies head for Mexico where slavery is outlawed |
|
| 1850 |
Seminole allies cross to freedom in Mexico |
|
| 1850-51 |
Comanches attack Black Seminole parties |
|
| 1850-51 |
More Black Seminoles flee Indian Territory for Mexico |
|
| 1851-54 |
Seminole allies protect Mexico from Apaches & Comanches |
|
| 1851-59 |
Texas slavers try to capture Black Seminoles in Mexico |
|
| 1855 |
Seminoles defeat Callahan's raid of Texas slavers into Mexico |
|
| 1857 |
Coacoochee dies in smallpox epidemic |
|
| 1859 |
Black Seminoles move to Laguna de Parras |
|
| 1864 |
John Horse serves as colonel in Mexican Army |
|
| 1865 |
With end of US Civil War, slave raids into Mexico cease |
|
| 1865 |
Black Seminoles return to Nacimiento |
|
| 1867 |
Porfirio Diaz confirms Nacimiento grant |
|
| 1870 |
Impoverished blacks cross to Texas, seek return to Oklahoma |
|
| 1870 |
Army musters Seminole Negro Indian Scouts in Texas |
|
| 1870 |
Black Seminoles visit Texas, plan return to Oklahoma |
|
| 1870-74 |
US government delays ruling on return of blacks to Oklahoma |
|
| 1871 |
John Horse advises Scouts at Fort Duncan |
|
| 1872 |
Scout company forms at Fort Clark |
|
| 1872-1914 |
Scouts' families settle on Las Moras Creek in Brackettville |
|
| 1873 |
Lt. Bullis assumes command of Scouts |
|
| 1873 |
Scouts aid Mackenzie raid on Kickapoos |
|
| 1873-81 |
Scouts help pacify West Texas frontier |
|
| 1874 |
Scouts aid Red River War with Comanches |
|
| 1875 |
Scouts save Bullis' life, receive Medal of Honor |
|
| 1876 |
"King" Fisher gang threatens Black Seminoles in Texas |
|
| 1876 |
Assassins try to kill John Horse in Brackettville |
|
| 1877 |
John Horse returns to Nacimiento |
|
| 1881 |
Scouts lead last major Indian raid in Texas history |
|
| 1881 |
Nacimiento grant is threatened |
|
| 1881 |
Texans lionize Lt. Bullis |
|
| 1882 |
John Horse plans visit to Dictator Diaz |
|
| 1882 |
John Horse travels to Mexico City to protect grant |
|
| 1882 |
John Horse dies |
|
| 1887 |
Porfirio Diaz protects the Nacimiento land grant |
|
| 1888 |
Scouts petition President for Fort Clark reservation |
|
| 1907 |
Seminole rolls close |
|
| 1909 |
US Army phases out Scouts |
|
| 1914 |
Last Scouts disbanded, families forced from Fort Clark |
|
| 1919 |
President Carranza recognizes Mascogos' rights to Nacimiento |
|
| 1935 |
Foster publishes doctoral research on Black Seminoles |
|
| 1938 |
President Cardenas grants Mascogos more land at Nacimiento |
|
