spacer
Rebellion July to August 1837     
spacer
spacerspacer
spacerHomespacer spacerOverviewspacer spacerTrail Narrativespacer spacerHighlightsspacer spacerMapsspacer spacerResourcesspacer spacerImagesspacer spacer
spacer
Northern Chiefs, from the McKenney & Hall gallery
spacer
Chiefs from the Sac-fox, Shawnee, and Sioux, three of the tribes that Jesup recruited. From top left, clockwise: Ca-Ta-He-Cas-Sa-Black Hoof, principal chief of the Shawanoes (1838); Keokuk, chief of the Sacs & Foxes (1838); Esh-Ta-Hum-Leah, a Sioux chief (1838); Waa-Pa-Shaw, a Sioux chief (1836). All from the McKenney & Hall gallery of Native Americans. Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division.
spacer
Previous slide Next slide
Sidetrack
Next sidetrack
Rage slide ticker

The Secretary of War did not relieve Jesup, and after a week the general cooled down. Rejecting extreme measures, he settled on ruthless pragmatism. Jesup extended an offer of plunder to his own soldiers. "There is no obligation to spare the property of the Indians," he wrote. "Their negroes, cattle, and horses ... will belong to the corps by which they are captured." Disappointed with Creek mercenaries who had been recruited at the outset of the war, he tried to recruit more violent Indians -- Delaware, Shawnee, and Sioux, whom he hoped would kill the Seminole men and enslave the women. Newspapers outside Florida criticized the use of northern Indians, but Jesup defended the policy with candor:

"I not only recommended, but urged … the employment of northern Indians … and to save American blood, I would employ the dogs of Cuba, if I could obtain them, regardless alike of the cant of hypocrites or the bluster of demagogues." [More]

Previous slidespacerspacer




Sources: ASPMA 7: 811, 893, Giddings Exiles 158-59. ©
Part 2, War: Outline  l  Images
spacer spacer
 Trail Narrative
 + Prologue
 + Background: 1693-1812
 + Early Years: 1812-1832
 - War: 1832-1838
+ Prelude to War
+ Revenge
+ Deceit
spacer spacer General Jesup
Jesup's Tactics
Hostages
The Diplomat
Peace
Slaveholders
Betrayal
Escape
Rage
White Flags
+ Liberty or Death
 + Exile: 1838-1850
 + Freedom: 1850-1882
 + Legacy & Conclusion

Sidetrack(s)

Jesup defends the use of northern Indians against the Seminoles