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Rebellion April 1840     
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Detail of a broom-jumping marriage ceremony
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Detail from "The Old Plantation," a folk painting circa 1800 believed to depict a broom-jumping marriage ceremony in South Carolina. The Black Seminoles inherited the broom-jumping tradition from Southern plantations. The Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Museum in Colonial Williamsburg.
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Prosperity

By April 1840, the prosperous guide had married nineteen-year-old Susan, daughter of the black warrior July. Little is known about Susan, but John Horse's marriage to her was considered happy, and lasted for the rest of his life. (History does not record anything about the fate of John Horse's first wife, whose existence is only alluded to before the Second Seminole War.)

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Sources: Porter Black 100. ©
Part 3, Exile: Outline  l Images
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 Trail Narrative
 + Prologue
 + Background: 1693-1812
 + Early Years: 1812-1832
 + War: 1832-1838
 - Exile: 1838-1850
+ Shifting Alliances
spacer spacer Enemy to Ally
Atrocities
National Debate
Prosperity
Emigration
Creek Tensions
Endangered Alliance
+ American Justice
+ A New Frontier
 + Freedom: 1850-1882
 + Legacy & Conclusion