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Rebellion June 10, 1838     
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Detail of 1783 map showing position of Fort Mose
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Detail of a map of St. Augustine showing the position of Fort Mose ("Fuerte Negro") on the outskirts of the city. Map created in 1783 by Tomás López de Vargas Machuca. Library of Congress, Geography and Map Division, G3934.S2 1783 .L6 Vault.
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Spanish Influence

Cementing African-Spanish ties even further, in 1738, the residents of St. Augustine established Fort Mose (Moh-say), a military garrison manned by fugitive slaves and free blacks. The garrison and its accompanying town formed the first legally sanctioned free black community in the present-day United States. Mose was the first line of defense against the British colonies. Its black warriors promised King Charles,

"[T]hat we shall at all times be the most cruel enemies of the English; and that we shall risk our lives in service to Your Majesty until spilling the last drop of our blood in defense of the Great Crown of Spain and Our Holy Faith."

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Sources: Landers 28-30, Wright "Dispatches" 144-49, 175 (author's translation). ©
Background: Outline  l  Images
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 Trail Narrative
 + Prologue
 - Background: 1693-1812
spacer spacer African Connections
Spanish Influence
British Reaction
The Seminoles
Revolution
Section Conclusion
 + Early Years: 1832-1838
 + War: 1832-1838
 + Exile: 1838-1850
 + Freedom: 1850-1882
 + Legacy & Conclusion