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Rebellion July 4, 1776     
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Detail of Washington Crossing the Delaware
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Detail of George Washington Crossing the Delaware, by Emanuel Gottlieb Leutze, 1851. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
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When Bartram met the Alachua Seminoles, he did not report any fugitive blacks living among them, yet by 1773, almost all of the pieces were in place that would lead to the African-Seminole alliance.

Only one event remained that would spur the relationship into place: the founding of the American republic. The birth of freedom in the United States spawned a different form of liberty on the country's southern frontier. The process started with the Revolutionary War against Britain (1775-1783).

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Sources: Giddings Exiles 4, Mulroy 11. ©
Background: Outline  l  Images
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 Trail Narrative
 + Prologue
 - Background: 1693-1812
spacer spacer African Connections
Spanish Influence
British Reaction
The Seminoles
Revolution
Section Conclusion
 + Early Years: 1832-1838
 + War: 1832-1838
 + Exile: 1838-1850
 + Freedom: 1850-1882
 + Legacy & Conclusion