A Florida Savannah
Painting by Catlin, 1834-1835, Smithsonian.

Despite the adversities of the period, many Black Seminoles carved out prosperous lives as tribal interpreters, hunters, and agriculturists. Visitors to their settlements described abundant crops, livestock, and plank homes that were considered superior to those of the Indians.

Also see:

• Living conditions of early Black Seminoles
• Gopher John / John Horse enters history
• Slide with full image credit

Next >>